Multicollinearity and redundant features (VIF)

Compute VIF for numeric features and list redundant groups. Concepts: Multicollinearity; variance inflation factor; derived columns Project A: All VIF < 2 (max ≈ 1.99 for credit_amount) → no numeric redundancy. Recheck VIF after engineered features (monthly_payment = amount/duration is derived from two inputs). Project B: City temperatures are highly correlated with each other → use one weighted national temperature.